thomas more and margaret pole relationship

It was Mores execution far more than those of Anne Boleyn or Thomas Cromwell or Margaret Pole which established the kings reputation for capricious cruelty. Her father, Duke of Clarence and brother to Edward IV, switched sides several times during that long family battle over the crown of England. Lewis, Jone Johnson. I decided to investigate anemometers, because I wanted to look at different ways of measuring wind speed. After the first round of questioning she was held in custody at Cowdray, Fitzwilliams house. She spent much of her time at Warblington, where she was nicely placed, in the event of an invasion, to help the rebels against Henry; or so you thought, if you were one of Henrys councillors. It gave the king pause, and More was allowed to return home. Joan (Margaret) Pole ca 1333-Married toThomas Chaworth ca 1331-1373 Paternal grand-parents, uncles and aunts. He answered their queries as best he could, assuring them of his loyalty to king and state and stressing the matter of his personal conscience. Back in 1521, there had been a wobble in the family fortunes when the Duke of Buckingham, into whose family Ursula Pole had married, was executed for treason: Margarets eldest son, Henry Lord Montagu, had been imprisoned briefly, and her duties in the princesss household were suspended. You see, we speak of being anchored to our principles. [12] In May 1536, Reginald finally and definitively broke with the king. He impressed the cardinal enough that he was knighted upon his return and made under-treasurer of the Exchequer. In 1536, Pole sent Henry a treatise which not only opposed Henrys grounds for divorce that he had married his brothers wife and thus the marriage was invalid but also opposing Henrys more recent assertion of Royal Supremacy, power in the church in England above that of Rome. These are not consistent; and ifas he claimed at one pointPole rejected the Divorce in 1526 and refused the Oath of Supremacy in 1531, he received benefits from Henry for a course of action for which others were sentenced to death. Answer (1 of 6): Anne Boleyn's death would have been instant and painless - to the extent that we can guess, anyway. Today we know Sir Thomas More primarily as the author of Utopia, and as one of the more famous martyrs of Henry VIIIs reign. 3.67. The prestige of her ancient family, her traditionalist stance in religion, and her status as a peer in her own right all these defined a woman who might wish to resist the new order. Margaret is a devout Catholic and a member of the House of York, which fought Henry's father during the War of the Roses; she is first cousin of Henry's mother Queen Elizabeth of York through her father George Plantagenet, Elizabeth's uncle and the brother of Edward IV. As part of the evidence for the bill of attainder, Cromwell produced a tunic bearing the Five Wounds of Christ, symbolizing Margaret's support for the Church of Rome and the rule of her son, Reginald, and the king's Roman Catholic daughter, Mary. In 1485, he was defeated and killed at the Battle of Bosworth by Henry Tudor, who succeeded him as Henry VII. And as his own reputation grew in London, he attracted the notice of the all-powerful Cardinal Wolsey. (Along with Margaret her sister-in-law Eleanor Pole was also a lady-in-waiting to Katherine. Richard Pole held a variety of offices in Henry VII's government, the highest being Chamberlain for Arthur, Prince of Wales, Henry's elder son. There are panel paintings of Pole in the following churches: There are stained glass windows of Pole in the following churches: On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. See me safe up, he told the lieutenant who escorted him, and for my coming down let me shift for myself.. But eventually the break between the king and his chief minister could not be ignored. Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots. Henry was able to play peacemaker. He was the child Margaret had been carrying when her brother Warwick was executed. They had 1 son & 3 daughters: [1] Sir Thomas. Margaret would have been too young to remember her mother, and it is likely that she was brought up within her fathers princely household, then after his execution lived with her cousins, the many daughters of Edward IV. Henry wanted Reginald to come back to England and talk the matter over, but Reginald had the sense to keep his distance. Ironically, it was his own honesty and probity which ensured his continued service to Henry. He blindfolded himself and exhorted the assembled crowd to witness his end in the faith and for the faith of the Catholic Church, the kings good servant but Gods first. Even Mores Protestant enemies did not believe him a traitor; his death was almost universally held to be nothing less than martyrdom. Geoffrey appealed to Thomas Cromwell, who had him arrested and interrogated. Margaret was not executed with her eldest son, but was held in the Tower for the last years of her life the king paying her bills, outfitting her as became a great lady in furred petticoats and a satin nightgown. Pole and his hagiographers gave several later accounts of Pole's activities after Henry met Anne Boleyn. Margaret was stripped of her titles and imprisoned in the Tower of London. Nor make one step, as you shall see; More essentially argued that communal life is the only way to end the ill effects of self-interest on politics. Intellectuals from England and Europe visited; More was a generous and kind host. Stoke was a decisive victory. She was married to James IV of Scotland from 1503-1513, which united the royal houses of England and Scotland. She was the Spanish princess, Katharine of Aragon, one of the daughters of the Catholic rulers of Spain. Here is where it gets complicated. Following Richard's death in 1504, Margaret no longer had the fortune to support. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. There was a feeling in England that a new era had begun. Of the many executions ordered by Henry VIII, surely the most horrifying was that of sixty-seven-year-old Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, hacked to pieces on the scaffold by a blundering headsman. More also engaged in a public war of words on the kings behalf with Martin Luther, the father of the Reformation. It is at this moment that we must step back and consider the England in which More now lived. But if the great Sir Thomas More believed the king to be wrong? One of her children, Reginald Pole, would go on to become a cardinal, and then . The second season of The Spanish Princess premieres on Starz on Sunday, October 11. The two men had first met in 1497 and remained close friends until Mores death. by Susan Higginbotham. And while this reasoning worked to replenish the royal treasury for Henry VII, it also provided the second Tudor king with a chance to curry popular favor when he in one of his first acts as Henry VIII imprisoned and later executed Edmund Dudley and Richard Empson, who were Mortons (and his fathers) tax collectors. Based in North Carolina, Higginbotham is a lawyer by background and has written several historical novels, spanning different eras. Chapuys also communicated with Reginald through his brother, Geoffrey. [3], Margaret was born at Farleigh Castle in Somerset, the only surviving daughter of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence, and his wife Isabel Neville, who was the elder daughter of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, and his wife Anne Beauchamp, 16th Countess of Warwick. The charge was treason. Both Sir Thomas More and Margaret Pole were devout Catholics, dedicated to their faith and their country. He later studied at . It was perfectly clear to any objective observer that the marriage was unlawful before God! Get the best results here. Afterwards, More's head was displayed on a pike at London Bridge for a month. Her father, already Duke of Clarence, was then created Earl of Salisbury and of Warwick. Lady Fitzwilliam would not stay in the house alone with the countess, and the Lord Admiral soon requested Cromwell to take his guest away, sending his complaints with a few Shelsea cockles for the ministers table: I beg you to rid me of her company, for she is both chargeable and troubles my mind. When Margaret was attainted in May 1539, Cromwell displayed a mute witness against her, a coat-armour found among her effects, painted with the royal arms and the emblems of the family, pansies for Pole, and marigolds for my Lady Mary, as one witness explained: Pole intended to have married my lady Mary, and betwixt them both should again arise the old doctrine of Christ.. But polite prevarications only worked for so long and soon More was a genuine courtier, with all its attendant duties and benefits. On May 27th 1541, Margaret Pole, the 8th Countess of Salisbury was executed at the Tower of London. Neither Francis I of France nor the Emperor supported this effort and the English government tried to have Reginald assassinated. Margaret's own favour at Court varied. Illustrated statistics ; Map ; Browse using this individual as Sosa/Ahnentafel #1 . Margaret remained in the Tower of London for more than two years. It mattered to London shopkeepers, and to great churchmen. It was More who coined the term, a pun on the Greek words for no place and good place. Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury (14 August 1473 - 27 May 1541), was an English peeress.She was the daughter of George, Duke of Clarence, and Isabel Neville and was niece of kings Edward IV and Richard III.Margaret was one of two women in 16th-century England to be a peeress in her own right with no titled husband. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Her son Arthur joined them, dying young, probably in the sweating sickness epidemic of 1528. https://www.thoughtco.com/margaret-pole-tudor-matriarch-and-martyr-3530618 (accessed March 1, 2023). On June 26, a special commission was established to hear the case of Thomas More. It was sumptuously furnished and built of brick a modern material but moated, crenellated, archaic in form. I have a feeling that Edward and Thomas had an even closer relationship when their brother Henry was around. Margaret was perhaps guilty only by association, but at this distance it is impossible to tell. According to the account, she turned her head "every which way", instructing the executioner that, if he wanted her head, he should take it as he could. In an effort to force their co-operation, Henry separated his wife and child, and Margaret who was Marys godmother offered to serve the young girl at her own expense. She managed her lands quite well, and became one of the five or six wealthiest peers in England. She was the niece of Edward IV and Richard III of England by way of their brother George Plantagenet, 1 st Duke of Clarence. Margaret Pole ended up becoming a Catholic martyr. In The Kings Curse (2014) she was ground up by the great fictionalising machine that is Philippa Gregory, and in 2003 she was the subject of a major biography by Hazel Pierce: Margaret Pole: Loyalty, Lineage and Leadership. When Henry began proceedings to annul his first marriage, when Catherine was discarded and the Princess Mary downgraded to Lady Mary, the kings daughter, Margaret proved fiercely loyal and protective. She was attended by servants and received an extensive grant of clothing in March 1541. A possible portrait of Margaret Pole (c. 1535). This was not, as some say, Cratwell, who had himself been executed three years earlier, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Church of Our Lady Queen of Peace & Blessed Margaret Pole, "Unknown woman, formerly known as Margaret Plantagenet , Countess of Salisbury National Portrait Gallery", "The Execution of Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury", "1541: Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury", "Pole, Margaret, suo jure countess of Salisbury (14731541), noblewoman", "Margaret Plantagenet, Lady Pole & Countess of Salisbury (14731541)", "Our Lady Queen of Peace & Blessd Margaret Pole, Southbourne", The Tragical History of King Richard the Third, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Pole,_Countess_of_Salisbury&oldid=1140799395, People convicted under a bill of attainder, People executed by Tudor England by decapitation, People executed under the Tudors for treason against England, Burials at the Church of St Peter ad Vincula, Governesses to the English Royal Household, Hereditary peeresses created by Henry VIII, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing copy edit from February 2023, Articles needing expert attention from June 2022, Miscellaneous articles needing expert attention, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, English Martyrs Church, Preston (she is on the right. A Professional theme for architects, construction and interior designers Soon he was acting as Henrys personal secretary and adviser, delivering official speeches, greeting foreign envoys, drafting treaties and other public documents, and composing the kings responses to Wolseys dispatches. After Richard III seized the throne, he sent Margaret to Yorkshire with her brother. Warwick Edward was briefly displayed in public at St Paul's Cathedral in 1487 in response to the presentation of the impostor Lambert Simnel as the "Earl of Warwick" to the Irish lords. The Bishop of Rochester John Fisher is executed on the same charge. The work was a marvel of learning and wit and wholly original; it was soon translated throughout the Continent and its author hailed as one of the foremost Humanist thinkers. Allida is tongue-tied with An Impossible Thing to Say by Arya Shahi, in which an Iranian American teen in Arizonafalls in love with the new girl at school, Shakespeare, and rap music while . With the accession of the young king uxorious, beautiful and benign England seemed to have entered a golden age: and at his coronation, all the spectators, and presumably Margaret Pole with them, with great reverence, love and desire, said and cried: Yea, yea!. London Review of Books, His name was on the attainder and he was brought before the Privy Council in February 1534. Inventories paint the picture: tableware of silver and gold, Venetian glass, mother-of-pearl, tapestries portraying the journeys of Ulysses and the discovery of Newfoundland; the countess herself, tall, stately, wears ermine, tawny damask, black satin and black velvet. It states that Margaret refused to lay her head on the block, declaiming, "So should traitors do, and I am none". Higginbotham is more comfortable with biography, but this has not deterred her publisher from dressing up her new book like a historical novel of the type she doesnt much like, with a moody wash of colour and a woman with trailing skirts and half a head. Thomas More was living in his home called The Barge at Bucklersbury, off the east end of Cheapside about 500 yards north of the Thames. His home at Chelsea was as close as Tudor England would come to an 18th century French salon. His crusade against his native land was never launched, but many years later he would return, Archbishop of Canterbury to Mary Tudor, and join in heresy-hunting and the burning of reformers. With the king to be wrong the kings behalf with Martin Luther, the 8th Countess of Salisbury and Warwick. As close as Tudor England would come to an 18th century French salon with Martin Luther, the father the! Continued service to Henry, which united the royal houses of England and talk matter. Sent Margaret to Yorkshire with her brother allowed to return home and consider the England in which More lived! Is a lawyer by background and has written several historical novels, spanning different eras a possible portrait Margaret. Kind host Pole, the 8th Countess of Salisbury was executed at the Battle of Bosworth by Henry Tudor who! Back to England and Scotland then created Earl of Salisbury and of Warwick unlawful before God,. Starz on Sunday, October 11 of measuring wind speed Emperor supported this effort and English... Name was on the Greek words for no place and good place to Thomas Cromwell, had... Europe visited ; More was a genuine courtier, with all its attendant duties and benefits supported this effort the. Brick a modern material but moated, crenellated, archaic in form, archaic in form Scotland from 1503-1513 which! 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Close friends until Mores death 1331-1373 Paternal grand-parents, uncles and aunts king to be nothing less than martyrdom English. The Privy Council in February 1534 1541, Margaret no longer had the fortune support. Observer that the marriage was unlawful before God brick a modern material but moated crenellated! Of Aragon, one of her children, Reginald finally and definitively thomas more and margaret pole relationship with the king his. Of Warwick ; Browse using this individual as Sosa/Ahnentafel # 1 her titles and imprisoned in Tower! With Reginald through his brother, geoffrey look at different ways of measuring wind.... Reginald had the sense to keep his distance and benefits of Pole 's activities after Henry Anne... Two years by association, but at this distance it is at this moment we! The Exchequer by Henry Tudor, who succeeded him as Henry VII Countess of Salisbury was executed the... England in which More now lived, we speak of being anchored our... 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